I: | stabilisation in which more individuals acquire mean character value |
II: | directional change in which more individuals acquire value other than the mean character value |
III: | disruption in which more individuals acquire peripheral character value at both ends of the distribution curve |
1. | Edge effect | 2. | Genetic bottleneck |
3. | Founder effect | 4. | Saltation |
1. | discontinuous variations due to mutations are important for evolution |
2. | continuous variations due to recombination are important for evolution |
3. | evolution is a function of time |
4. | evolution is a deterministic process |
1. | Carl Correns | 2. | Charles Lyell |
3. | Thomas Malthus | 4. | A. R. Wallace |
I: | Theoretically, population size will grow exponentially if everybody reproduced maximally |
II: | Population sizes in reality are limited |
1. | Charles Darwin | 2. | Lamarck |
3. | Hugo de Vries | 4. | Louis Pasteur |
Assertion (A): | Natural selection can be regarded as ‘differential reproduction’. |
Reason (R): | Nature selects for fitness. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
1. | disruptive selection |
2. | adaptive radiation |
3. | extinction |
4. | rapid speciation due to sudden large scale mutations |
1. | is a determinist process. |
2. | only leads to evolution of species that are useful to humans. |
3. | usually is faster than the natural process. |
4. | is not at all related to mutations |