Q. No.Which section of the nephron follows the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
(1) descending limb of the loop
(2) proximal convoluted tubule
(3) distal convoluted tubule
(4) collecting duct
(1) descending limb of the loop
(2) proximal convoluted tubule
(3) distal convoluted tubule
(4) collecting duct
Which statement about aldosterone is false?
(1) It is a major steroid (mineralocorticoid) hormone secreted by the kidney.
(2) It promotes the reabsorption of Na+ in the late distal tubule and the cortical region of the collecting duct.
(3) It stimulates the secretion of K+ from the peritubular blood into the distal tubule.
(4) Without it, no K+ is ever excreted in the urine.
The concentrations of which plasma electrolyte is not regulated mainly by the kidneys?
(1) phosphate
(2) potassium
(3) iron
(4) Bicarbonate
Which statement about the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is false?
(1) The GFR averages approximately 180 L per day
(2) The GFR will increase during fight-or-flight situations due to the vasodilation of afferent arterioles.
(3) A decrease in GFR results in a decrease in the total urine output.
(4) Renal autoregulation maintains the GFR at a relatively constant rate despite fluctuations in the mean arterial blood pressure.
That portion of the nephron consisting of a single layer of cuboidal cells with microvilli to increase the surface area for reabsorption is the
(1) glomerular capsule
(2) proximal convoluted tubule
(3) loop of Henle
(4) distal convoluted tubule
The name of the blood vessel delivering blood directly to the glomerulus is the
(1) renal artery
(2) interlobar artery
(3) arcuate artery
(4) afferent arteriole
The part of the nephron that is responsible for maximum reabsorption of the filtrate is:
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Loop of Henle
3. Distal convoluted tubule
4. Collecting duct
A person having glycosuria and ketonuria is most likely suffering from:
1. Coronary artery disease
2. Chronic renal failure
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. Acute viral hepatitis
What is the functional filtration unit in the kidney?
1. renal tubule
2. renal corpuscle
3. nephron
4. glomerulus
What three physical barriers must filtrate cross within the renal corpuscle?
1. podocytes, pedicels, and filtration slits
2. macula densa, vascular pole, and parietal layer of glomerular capsule
3. glomerular endothelium, basement membrane, and podocytes
4. proximal convoluted tubules, connecting tubules, and papillary ducts
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