Which statement about the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is false?

(1) The GFR averages approximately 180 L per day

(2) The GFR will increase during fight-or-flight situations due to the vasodilation of afferent arterioles.

(3) A decrease in GFR results in a decrease in the total urine output.

(4) Renal autoregulation maintains the GFR at a relatively constant rate despite fluctuations in the mean arterial blood pressure.

That portion of the nephron consisting of a single layer of cuboidal cells with microvilli to increase the surface area for reabsorption is the

The name of the blood vessel delivering blood directly to the glomerulus is the

The part of the nephron that is responsible for maximum reabsorption of the filtrate is:
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Loop of Henle
3. Distal convoluted tubule
4. Collecting duct

A person having glycosuria and ketonuria is most likely suffering from:
1. Coronary artery disease
2. Chronic renal failure
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. Acute viral hepatitis

What is the functional filtration unit in the kidney?
1. renal tubule

2. renal corpuscle

3. nephron

4. glomerulus

What three physical barriers must filtrate cross within the renal corpuscle?
1. podocytes, pedicels, and filtration slits
2. macula densa, vascular pole, and parietal layer of glomerular capsule
3. glomerular endothelium, basement membrane, and podocytes
4. proximal convoluted tubules, connecting tubules, and papillary ducts

Which statement does not correctly describe the path of urine flow?
1. ducts in each renal papilla drain into a minor calyx
2. the minor calyces merge to form a major calyx
3. the major calyces combine to form the renal pelvis
4. the renal pelvis conveys urine directly to the urethra

In the given diagram, the columns of Bertini are represented by the letter:

1. A           

2. B

3. C         

4. D

Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and choose your answer from the codes given below:

          Organism            Excretory structure
       A. Rotifers               a. Protonephridia
       B. Earthworms         b. Nephridia
       C. Cockroach           c. Antennal glands
       D. Prawns                d. Malpighian tubules

                 A.     B.     C.     D.
         1.      b      a      c      d
         2.      a      c      b      d
         3.      a      b      d      c
         4.      a      b      c      d