Q. No.A substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource is called:
1.
Pathogen
2.
Allergen
3.
Pollutant
4.
Secondary metabolite
Identify the incorrect statement regarding primary air pollutants:
| 1. | Carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. |
| 2. | Methane is the most abundant hydrocarbon in the atmosphere |
| 3. | A high concentration of sulphur dioxide causes severe respiratory problems |
| 4. | Particulate matter less than 1 micrometer in diameter generally settle out in less than a day. |
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What would be true for acid rain?
| 1. | Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. |
| 2. | The pH of acid rain is most commonly below 4. |
| 3. | Acid rain has direct significant effects on human health. |
| 4. | Both the higher pH and lower aluminium concentrations in surface water that occur as a result of acid rain can cause damage to fish and other aquatic animals. |
Awaaz Foundation is an Indian NGO working to especially control:
1. amniocentesis assisted female feticides
2. effects of pollution of our heritage monuments
3. noise pollution
4. emission of radioactively active gases
Catalytic converters can also contribute to environmental pollution by increasing the emission of:
| 1. | Methane | 2. | Hydrogen cyanide |
| 3. | Particulate matter | 4. | Carbon dioxide |
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Which of the following are commonly used as a bacterial indicator of water pollution?
| 1. | Coliforms | 2. | Shigella |
| 3. | Giardia | 4. | Salmonella |
Hot wastewater discharged from industries into water bodies:
| 1. | increases the nutrient content of the water body |
| 2. | decreases the BOD of water |
| 3. | is considered a water pollutant |
| 4. | is desirable as cool water is more damaging to aquatic life |
Biomagnification can occur as a result of:
| I: | Persistence |
| II: | Food chain energetics |
| III: | Low or non-existent rate of internal degradation or excretion of the substance |
| 1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
| 3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II and III |
Eutrophication of lakes would lead to:
1. Decreased biomass of phytoplankton
2. Increased dissolved oxygen levels in water
3. Decreased biodiversity
4. Increase in the aesthetic value of the lake
Identify the incorrect statement regarding the ecological impact of DDT:
| 1. | It is a persistent organic pollutant. |
| 2. | As it is lipophilic, it bioaccumulates especially in predatory birds. |
| 3. | It can be metabolized to non-toxic forms by human beings. |
| 4. | It causes eggshell thinning in predatory birds. |
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