Unlike xylem, the movement of sap in phloem is:
1. essentially unidirectional
2. from a sink to a source
3. independent of movement of water
4. in any direction from source to a sink

During mass flow in phloem, active transport is required:
1. For uploading sap
2. For unloading sap
3. Both for uploading and unloading the sap
4. Active transport is not required

Refer section 11.3.1, NCERT where it is stated that most of the water flow in the roots occurs via the apoplast. Why is this so?
1. Endodermis has suberized casparian strips
2. Root cortex cell lack plasmodesmata
3. Cortical cells are loosely packed
4. Root cortex is poorly organized

In sec 11.4, NCERT, it is mentioned that transpiration is affected by the canopy structure. This means that transpirational loss is lower in shaded leaves compared to sun exposed leaves higher in canopy. What would not be a reason for this?
1. Lower stomatal conductance
2. Lower leaf temperature
3. Lower air humidity
4. Lower air turbulence

 Based on your knowledge about root pressure given in section 11.3.2.1 , NCERT, can you think which of the following will play the most important role in development?
1. Epidermal hair
2. Endodermis
3. Cortex cells
4. Pericycle

In section 11.1.2, NCERT states that a concentration gradient needs to be present in spite of the fact that facilitated diffusion is facilitated by a carrier. Why is it so?
1. These protein carriers have ATPase activity.
2. These protein carriers can not move in the membrane.
3. These protein carriers can not establish concentration gradients.
4. These protein carriers can provide only symport with the use of external energy.

This is an intext question, section 11.2.3, NCERT. What occupies the space between the cell wall and the shrunken protoplast in a plasmolyzed cell
1. Hypertonic solution
2. Hypotonic solution
3. Air
4. Nothing, a vacuum is created

 Consider the following statements with respect to the relationship between osmotic pressure and osmotic potential as explained in section 11.2.2 in NCERT
I. Water moves from regions of higher osmotic pressure to regions of lower pressure
II. Osmotic potential is equivalent to osmotic pressure in concept but opposite in sign
The correct statements are:
1. I only
2. II only
3. Both I and II
4. None

Refer section 11.1.1 of your NCERT. What peculiarity does NCERT mention regarding diffusion and solids ?
1. It does not occur in solids
2. It is more easily visualized in solids
3. It requires expenditure of external energy and occurs against concentration gradient
4. Diffusion in solids rather than of solids is more likely.

Which one of the following will not directly affect transpiration?