Arrange the following sphincters in gastrointestinal tract in order of their occurrence from oral cavity to anus:
a. external anal sphincter
b. ileocecal sphincter
c. lower esophageal sphincter
d. pyloric sphincter

1. a, c, b, d	2. b, c, d, a
3. b, a, c, d	4. c, d, b, a

Identify the correct statement regarding Saliva:
1. Its secretion is increased by sympathetic nervous system.
2. It contains amylase, which digests 100 % starch.
3. It contains bactericidal lysozyme.
4. Its secretion is increased during sleep.

What stimulates secretion of the hormone, gastrin, by the gastric mucosa?
1. duodenal pH greater than 3.
2. secretin.
3. cholecystokinin.
4. gastric inhibitory polypeptide

Arrange the following events in chronological sequence [first to last]:
1. protein-coated triacylglycerols enter lacteals
2. triacylglycerol coated with protein
3. fatty acids and glycerol packaged into micelles
4. bile salts emulsify fats
5. lipase digests fat
1. 1,2,4,5,3
2. 2,5,4,3,1
3. 3,5,4,1,2
4. 4,5,3,2,1

The layer in the wall of the alimentary canal that exhibits maximum variations is the:
1. Serosa
2. Muscularis
3. Mucosa
4. Submucosa

Myenteric and meisener’s plexus regulate the functions of the gut in response to changes in:
1. External stimuli
2.Local Environment
3. Central nervous system activation
4. Hormone concentrations

The transporter involved in apical transport of glucose in an enterocyte is:
1. GLUT2
2. GLUT4
3. SGLT-1
4. GLUT5

All the following statements regarding bile are true except:
1. Bile salts are derivatives of cholesterol
2. Bile is important in absorption of fat soluble substances
3. Bile also serves as a route of excretion of bile pigments
4. It is acidic in nature

Series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ such as seen in the stomach are called:
1. taenia coli
2. rugae
3. plicae circulares
4. crypts

The blood vessels supplying blood to the hepatocytes is/are:
1. left gastric artery
2. hepatic portal vein
3. hepatic artery
4. both the hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein