The blood flow to which of the following will be directly caused by a blockage in a glomerulus?

1. afferent arteriole

2. efferent arteriole

3. renal artery

4. arcuate artery

The hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, when stimulated by angiotensin II, that causes increased sodium and water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules, is:

A deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) is most likely to result in:

1. dehydration

2. incontinence

3. anuria

4. cystitis

Which of the following statements is correct?
1. The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water
2. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water
3. The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water
4. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes

A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of

The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
1. distal convoluted tubule
2. proximal convoluted tubule
3. Bowman's capsule
4. descending limb of Henle's loop

Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
1. Henle's loop - most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
2. Distal convoluted tubule - reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
3. Afferent arteriole - carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein
4. Podocytes- create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule

Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
1. Convoluted tubules
2. Collecting ducts
3. Loop of Henle
4. Peritubular capillaries

Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
1. birds and annelids
2. amphibians and reptiles
3. insects and amphibians
4. reptiles and birds

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?
1. Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release
2. An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates the formation of angiotensin II
3. During summer when the body loses a lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed
4. When someone drinks a lot of water, ADH release is suppressed