Q. No.Hydrophilic hormones are not characterized by the fact that:
1. They can act through intermediary G proteins.
2. A second messenger (e.g. cAMP) is often involved.
3. They can work by activation of transmembrane receptor proteins.
4. They have a long duration of action (e.g. days).
1. They can act through intermediary G proteins.
2. A second messenger (e.g. cAMP) is often involved.
3. They can work by activation of transmembrane receptor proteins.
4. They have a long duration of action (e.g. days).
The proximate cause of a goiter would be:
1. reduced levels of TRH
2. a non-functional thyroid gland
3. elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone
4. depressed levels of thyroid stimulating hormone
A decrease in blood glucose is most likely to result in:
1. decreased insulin and glucagon production.
2. increased glucagon production.
3. glycogen being released into the blood.
4. increased glucagon production followed by glucose release from the liver.
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When dehydration occurs, the response of the human body would be that:
1. More ADH is secreted.
2. Urine will become less concentrated.
3. Diuretic hormone will be secreted.
4. The urine output will increase.
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A person has weight loss, nervousness, tachycardia and intolerance to heat. He may be suffering from:
| 1. hypothyroidism | 2. diabetes |
| 3. cretinism | 4. hyperthyroidism |
What term/s would describe adrenaline and noradrenaline?
| 1. neurotransmitter | 2. hormone |
| 3. neurotransmitter and hormone | 4. steroid hormone |
Cytokines
1. regulate cell division and differentiation in the immune system
2. promote growth and cell division in the nervous system
3. help maintain proper mineral balance in the body
4. help maintain proper water balance in the body
One of the reasons for iodine to be a part of a balanced diet would be:
| 1. | Iodine is needed for an enzyme that facilitates the synthesis of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). |
| 2. | The thyroid gland cannot produce thyroxine without iodine, which leads to the goiter condition. |
| 3. | Iodine is necessary for the proper functioning of the thyroid, adrenals and pancreas. |
| 4. | The iodine is needed for positive feedback to the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroxine. This in turn prevents the goiter condition. |
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Glucocorticoids are characterized by all except:
1. Glucocorticoids stimulate the breakdown of muscle proteins into amino acids.
2. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid.
3. Glucocorticoids stimulate the pancreas to produce the enzymes needed for gluconeogenesis.
4. Glucocorticoids are released during times of stress.
Melatonin:
1. levels decrease in darkness and increase in daylight.
2. is secreted by the hypothalamus.
3. is secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the anterior pituitary.
4. is secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the hypothlamus.
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