Q. No.What would be the result of hypoadrenalism [Addison’s disease]?
1.
Decreased blood concentrations of cortisol and aldosterone, and increased concentrations of CRH and ACTH
2.
Decreased blood concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine, and no change in concentrations of CRH and ACTH
3.
Decreased blood concentrations of thyroid hormones, and increased concentrations of TRH and TSH
4.
Increased blood concentrations of cortisol and aldosterone, and decreased concentrations of CRH and ACTH
A patient suspected of having hypothyroidism is investigated and has low blood levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. He is given thyrotropin that causes the hormone levels to return to normal. What would such a condition be called?
1. Primary hyposecretion
2. Secondary hyposecretion
3. Primary hypersecretion
4. Secondary hypersecretion
Tropin is a hormone that induces the secretion of other hormones. Identify the tropin produced by the anterior pituitary that does not cause the release of another hormone by stimulating another endocrine gland?
| 1. Corticotropin | 2. Thyrotropin |
| 3. Prolactin | 4. Gonadotropin |
Identify the statement that correctly describes the catecholamine, Dopamine:
1. It cannot act as a hormone
2. It is a neuropeptide
3. Its structure has a sterol nucleus
4. It may act as a neurotransmitter or a hormone
Identify the incorrect statement regarding the main glucocorticoid cortisol in the human body:
1. Cortisol is important during fetal development for the proper differentiation of many tissues
2. Cortisol levels increase during stress and act to increase the plasma concentrations of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids
3. Cortisol is a potent anti-inflammatory agent and is useful for treating diseases such as arthritis
4. Cortisol promotes the action of the immune system
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Hypercortisolism or Cushing's syndrome:
1. is caused by increased secretion of cortisol
2. is a disorder of the adrenal medulla
3. may be caused by hyposecretion of ACTH
4. is characterized by major changes in protein distribution in the body
The correct statement regarding the human Growth hormone would be that it:
1. Promotes postnatal elongation of bones, primarily during adolescence
2. Is released from posterior pituitary gland
3. Cannot act directly on target tissues, but only by first stimulating IGF-1 release from the liver
4. Is the only hormone that affects growth
The major portion of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is called as:
| 1. | pars distalis | 2. | pars nervosa |
| 3. | pars tuberalis | 4. | Herring body |
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Thyroxine and triiodothyronine:
1. are synthesized by stratified cuboidal epithelial cells called follicular cells
2. are very soluble in water and therefore easily soluble in the bloodstream
3. are synthesized and secreted by parafollicular cells
4. are ultimately formed from the amino acid, L-tyrosine
All the following regarding parathyroid glands are true except:
| 1. | They usually include four small glands. |
| 2. | They are embedded in the posterior surfaces of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland. |
| 3. | They secrete parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. |
| 4. | They play a critical role in calcium homeostasis. |
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