I: | indicates the geological period in which they existed. |
II: | shows that life-forms varied over time. |
III: | shows that certain life-forms are restricted to certain geological time-spans. |
a. | Homology indicates common ancestry. |
b. | Sweet potato and potato are examples for homology. |
c. | Analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution. |
d. | Vertebrate hearts or brains are analogous structures. |
1. | Before industrialisation set in in England, it was observed that there were more white-winged moths on trees than dark-winged or melanised moths. |
2. | After industrialisation, there were more dark-winged moths in the same area. |
3. | In areas where industrialisation did not occur e.g. in rural areas, the count of melanic moths was low. |
4. | One of two variants got completely wiped out according to prevalent conditions and later arose through a recurring mutation. |
Assertion (A): | Darwin's finches are an often-used textbook example of adaptive radiation. |
Reason (R): | Darwin's finches are Galapagos endemics famously adapted for a specialized feeding behavior. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but the (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and the (R) correctly explains (A). |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |