Consider the following nuclear reactions:

$\mathrm{I}.{}_7^{14}\mathrm{N}{+}_2^4\mathrm{He}{\to }_8^{17}\mathrm{O}+\mathrm{X}$
$\mathrm{II}.{}_4^9\mathrm{Be}{+}_2^4\mathrm{H}{\to }_6^{12}\mathrm{He}+\mathrm{Y}$

Then :

1.  X and Y are both protons.

2.  X and Y are both neutrons.

3.  X is a proton and Y is a neutron

4.  X is a neutron and Y is a proton

A nucleus of lead ${\mathrm{Pb}}_{82}^{214}$ emits two-electron followed by an alpha particle. The resulting nucleus will have:

1.  82 protons and 128 neutrons

2.  80 protons and 130 neutrons

3.  82 protons and 130 neutrons

4.  78 protons and 134 neutrons

Consider the following statements:

(I) All isotopes of elements have the same number of neutrons.

(II) Only one isotope of an element can be stable and non-radioactive.

(Ill) All elements have isotopes.

(IV) All isotopes of Carbon can form chemical compounds with Oxygen-16.

The correct option regarding an isotope is-

1.  III and IV only

2.  II, III, and IV only

3.  I, II, and III only

4.  I, III, and IV only

The beta particles of a radioactive metal originate from:

1.  The free electrons in the metal

2.  The orbiting electrons of the metal atoms

3.  The photons released from the nucleus

4.  The nucleus of the metal atoms

The isotope Cobalt-57 has a half-life of 272 days. How long does it take for this isotope to decay to about one-sixteenth of its original amount?

1.  544 days

2.  1088 days

3.  1128 days

4.  2176 days

 

Which particle (X) is emitted in this nuclear reaction?

${{}^{234}}_{90}\mathrm{Th}{\to }_{91}^{234}\mathrm{Pa}+X$

1.  positron

2.  electron

3.  antineutrino

4.  alpha particle

$\mathrm{What} \mathrm{is} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{binding} \mathrm{energy} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{argon}-40 \mathrm{isotope} \mathrm{in} \mathrm{Mev}?$
$\left(\mathrm{Given}: {\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{proton}}=1.0073 \mathrm{amu}, {\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{neutron}}=1.0087 \mathrm{amu}, {\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{Ar}-40 \mathrm{nucleus}}=39.9132 \mathrm{amu} \mathrm{and} {\mathrm{c}}^2=932\frac{M\mathrm{eV}}{\mathrm{amu}}\right)$

1.  0.4096 MeV

2.  40.3228 MeV

3.  381.7 MeV

4.  643.8 MeV

Which of the following correctly identifies the following process?

   ${}_{31}{}^{67}Ga+e^{-}\to {}_{30}{}^{67}Zn$

1.  ${\beta }^{-} decay$

2.  ${\beta }^{+} decay$

3.  $e^{-} capture$

4.  $y decay$

A certain carbon nucleus dissociates completely into $\alpha$ particles. How many particles are formed?

1.  1

2.  2

3.  3

4.  4

The half-life of carbon-14 is approximately 5730 years, while the half-life of carbon-12 is essentially infinite. If the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 in a certain sample is 25% less than the normal ratio in nature, how old is the sample?

1.  Less than 5730 years

2.  Approximately 5730 years

3.  Significantly greater than 5730 years, but less than 11,460 years

4.  Approximately 11,460 years