Which of the following statement is wrong for gymnosperm?

1.	They are homosporous.
2.	The multicellular female gametophyte is retained within megasporangium.
3.	Pollen grain is released from the microsporangium and carried by wind, which come in contact with ovules.
4.	The male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence.

Which of the following statement is true for Pinus?
1. Roots have fungal association in the form of mycorrhiza
2. Male and female strobili borne on same tree
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Roots are called coralloid roots

Mark the wrong statement about Cycas
1. Stem unbranched
2. Pinnate leaves persist for few years
3. Roots associated with cyanobacteria
4. Male and female reproductive structure on same plant

Which among the following pteridophytes has compact structure strobili formed by sporophylls as well as it shows heterospory?

1. [A]
2. [B]
3. [C]
4. All the above

Which among the following is/are the life cycle pattern of colonial algae Volvox?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. All of these

In the following diagram A, B, C and D represent

1. A - Seta, B - Leaves, C- Rhizoids, D - Capsule

2. A - Leaf, B - Rhizoids, C- Scales, D - Root hair

3. A - Capsule, B - Seta, C- Leaves, D - Rhizoids

4. A - Capsule, B - Foot, C- Leaves, D - Rhizoids

The incorrect match for chlorophyll type is

1. Chlorophyll ‘a’ .... Green algae

2. Chlorophyll ‘d’ ... Diatoms

3. Chlorophyll ‘c’ ... Dinoflagellates and Brown algae

4. Chlorophyll ‘d’ ...Red algae

Protonema is a characteristic feature of

1. Fern         

2. Marchantia

3. Moss     

4. Cycas

What is the artificial basis of classification?

Why are reproductive characters given more weightage during advanced classification?