The purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yields and are disease resistant is called:

1. Breeding

2. Genetic farming

3. Phytoremediation

4. r DNA technology

Today, all our major food crops are derived from:

1. Wild varieties

2. Domesticated varieties

3. Genetically modified varieties

4. Plant tissue culture

Consider the following two statements:

I. An effective germplasm collection is the prerequisite of any successful plant breeding program.

II. Genetic variability is the root of any breeding program.

1. Both I and II are true and II explains I

2. Both I and II are true and II dose not explains I

3. I is true but II is false

4. I is false but II is true

Arrange the following steps of a plant breeding program in a correct chronological manner:

I. Selection and testing of superior recombinants

II. Collection of variability

III. Cross-hybridization among the selected parents

IV. Evaluation and selection of parents

V. Testing, release and commercialization of new cultivars

1. II, IV, I, III, V

2. IV, I, II, III, V

3. II. IV, III, I, V

4. IV, III, II, I, V

In plant breeding programmes, the entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called

1. selection of superior recombinations

2. cross-hybridisation among the selected parents

3. evaluation and selection of parents

4. germplasm collection

A collection of plants and seeds having diverse alleles of all the genes of a crop is called

1. germplasm

2. gene library

3. genome

4. herbarium

When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed, the performance of F₁ hybrid is often

superior to both its parents. This phenomenon is called

1. transformation

2. splicing

3. metamorphosis

4. heterosis

Which one of the following methods is commonly used to maintain the genetic traits of a given plant ?

(1) By propogating through seed germination

(2) By propogating through vegetative multiplication

(3) By generating hybrids through intergeneric pollination

(4) By treating the seeds with gamma radiations 

Which statement is correct?

A.  Somaclonal variations are the variations observed in plants generated from somatic cultures.

B.  A transgenic crop is one that contains and expresses a transgene.

C.  Chloromycetin is obtained from Penicillium.

D.  Bioprospecting is the process of discovery and commercialization of new products based on biological resources

(1) A, B, D

(2) B, C

(3) C, D

(4) A, B, C, D

Which of the following timeline is correct for conventional plant breeding?

1. Practiced for thousands of years, since the beginning of human civilization

2. The evidence of plant breeding dates back 9000-11000 years ago

3. The present-day crops are the result of domestication in ancient times

4. All of these