Deoxyribonucleotides in a ds DNA are held by:
I. Phosphodiester.
II. Hydrogen.
III. Ionic.
1. I and II only
2. I and III only
3. II and III only
4. I, II and III

All the following will not be applicable to DNA replication in prokaryotes except:
1. It begins at several places along the chromosome.
2. It begins at the origin and travels in both directions.
3. It begins at the origin and travels around the chromosome back to the origin.
4. It begins at a GC rich region of the chromosome.

Constitutive heterochromatin includes:
1. The Barr body.
2. A region of active gene expression.
3. Telomeres.
4. Both 1 and 2.

Proof reading, the error-correcting processes, first proposed by John Hopfield and Jacques Ninio, during DNA replication takes place by:
1. Endonuclease cleavage.
2. Exonuclease cleavage.
3. Methylation.
4. An induced-fit phenomenon.

Identify the incorrect statement regarding structure of DNA:
1. Pitch is 3.4nm and 10 base pairs.
2. The two strands are antiparallel.
3. Each pair of nucleotides is held together by three hydrogen bonds.
4. The diameter of the molecule is a uniform 2nm.

In which models of DNA replication In this model the two parental DNA strands are back together after replication has occurred?
1. Conservative model.
2. Semiconservative model.
3. Dispersive model.
4. Destructive model.

If a bacterial cell were to contain 4 nucleoids per cell, the number of copies of the bacterial chromosome present in each cell will most likely be:
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

The lagging strand and the leading strand during DNA replication are replicated differently because:

1. On the leading strand, DNA synthesis occurs 5' to 3' on the leading strand, while on the lagging strand it is 3' to 5'.

2. DNA polymerase is able to continuously add new nucleotides on the leading strand while it must keep 'starting over' on the lagging strand.

3. The lagging strand requires only a single primer while the leading strand requires many.

4. Helicase opens the leading strand at a faster rate than the lagging strand.

A cis acting factor that place very important role in eukaryotic transcription will be:
1. RNA polymerase II.
2. Transcription factors.
3. Enhancers.
4. Shine Dalgarno sequence

All the following statements regarding a nucleosome are incorrect except:
1. It contains a single large protein which is connected to DNA by smaller linker proteins.
2. It contains approximately 200 base pairs of DNA.
3. It includes histone and nonhistone proteins.
4. It is a 30 nm diameter structure.