Identify the incorrect statement regarding abiotic factors in ecology:
1. | Temperature is an ecologically relevant factor as it affects enzyme kinetics. |
2. | Even aquatic animals face water-related problems. |
3. | Light is an ecologically relevant factor only for plants. |
4. | Sediment characteristics often determine the type of benthic animals found. |
Consider the given statements:
I: | Among the green, brown and red algae, red algae are expected to be found in the deepest waters. |
II: | The photosynthetic pigment, phycoerythrin, present in them is very efficient in absorbing the red light of PAR. |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I. |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I. |
3. | I is correct but II is incorrect. |
4. | Both I and II are incorrect. |
Consider the given statements:
I: | Very small animals are rarely found in the polar regions. |
II: | Mammals from colder climates have shorter ears and limbs. |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I. |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I. |
3. | I is correct but II is incorrect. |
4. | Both I and II are incorrect. |
Resource partitioning is:
1. | Competitive exclusion results in the success of the superior species. |
2. | Slight variations in niches allow similar species to coexist. |
3. | Two species can coevolve to share the same niche. |
4. | Differential resource utilization results in a decrease in species diversity |
Identify the incorrect statement regarding population interactions:
1. | An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch is an example of commensalism. |
2. | A given fig species can only be pollinated by its partner wasp. |
3. | Biological pest control methods are largely based on predation. |
4. | Most parasites do not harm or reduce the fitness of their hosts. |
Consider the given two statements:
I: | Parasitoidism is the strategy that is closer to predation than parasitism. |
II: | Parasitoids feed on a living host which they eventually kill, typically before it can produce offspring |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I. |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I. |
3. | I is correct and II is incorrect. |
4. | Both I and II are incorrect. |
Ultimately the size of a population in a given area is determined by:
1. | the biotic potential |
2. | mortality rates and natality rates |
3. | carrying capacity of its environment |
4. | rate of immigration and emigration |
Populations and species of larger size are found in colder environments, while populations and species of smaller size are found in warmer regions. This is:
1. | Allen’s rule | 2. | Hesse’s rule |
3. | Allee effect | 4. | Bergman’s rule |
Consider the two statements:
I: | Predators in nature are ‘prudent’. |
II: | Prey species have evolved defenses to lessen the impact of predation. |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I. |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I. |
3. | Only I is correct. |
4. | Both I and II are incorrect. |
The sum of the environmental factors that tend to restrict the biotic potential of an organism is called environmental resistance. In the logistic growth equation dN/dt = rN[K-N/K], the environmental resistance is represented by:
1. | r | 2. | N |
3. | K | 4. | [K-N]/K |