Consider the following statements:
I: | The male barrier contraceptives provide protection against STDs. |
II: | Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are the contraceptive method used more commonly by urban women in India. |
III: | The second-generation IUDs release copper and the third-generation IUDs release hormones. |
Which of the above statements are true?
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
The main mechanism of action of Cu released from Cu releasing IUD is:
1. | Increased phagocytosis of sperms in the uterus |
2. | Suppression of sperm motility |
3. | Early degeneration of the released ovum |
4. | Making the uterus unsuitable for implantation |
The government of India legalized MTP in:
1. | 1951 | 2. | 1971 |
3. | 1975 | 4. | 1977 |
Which is the sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasites?
1. | Chlamydia | 2. | Gonorrhea |
3. | Trichomoniasis | 4. | Chancroid |
Artificial insemination means:
1. | transfer of sperms of a healthy donor to a test tube containing ova |
2. | transfer of sperms of husband to a test tube containing ova |
3. | artificial introduction of sperms of a healthy donor into the vagina |
4. | introduction of sperms of healthy donor directly into the ovary |
Which of the following is correct regarding HIV, hepatitis B, gonorrhoea, and trichomoniasis?
1. | Trichomoniasis is an STD whereas others or not. |
2. | Gonorrhoea is a viral disease whereas others are bacterial. |
3. | HIV is a pathogen whereas others are diseases. |
4. | Hepatitis B has been eradicated completely whereas others have not. |
Assertion (A): | Coitus interruptus has a high failure rate for a method of contraception. |
Reason (R): | The pre-ejaculate fluid secreted by bulbourethral glands is known to have sperms. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Lactational amenorrhea is temporary postnatal infertility that occurs when a woman is amenorrheic (not menstruating) and fully breastfeeding. |
Reason (R): | Breastfeeding delays the resumption of normal ovarian cycles by disrupting the pattern of pulsatile release of GnRH from the hypothalamus and hence LH from the pituitary. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Copper containing IUDs are very effective for emergency contraception. |
Reason (R): | Copper ions are toxic to the sperms. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Ormeloxifene, also known as centchroman, is used as a nonsteroidal oral contraceptive. |
Reason (R): | It causes an asynchrony in the menstrual cycle between ovulation and the development of the uterine lining. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |