The location of kidneys in humans can be best described as:
1. | between last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to dorsal inner wall of abdominal cavity |
2. | between last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to ventral inner wall of abdominal cavity |
3. | between 10th thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to dorsal inner wall of abdominal cavity |
4. | between 10th thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to ventral inner wall of abdominal cavity |
Extension of renal cortex between the medullary pyramids is called as:
1. Juxta-glomerular apparatus | 2. Macula densa |
3. Columns of Bertini | 4. Ducts of Bellini |
The average weight of the human kidney varies between:
1. 80 – 120 gm | 2. 120 – 170 gm |
3. 180 – 200 gm | 4. 225 – 245 gm |
Figure shows a human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristics and/or functions.
1. | B-pelvis - broad funnel-shaped space inner to the hilum, directly connected to loops of Henle. |
2. | C- Medulla- inner zone of kidney and contains complex nephrons. |
3. | D- Cortex- outer part of the kidney and does not contain any part of nephrons. |
4. | A- Adrenal gland- located at the anterior part of the kidney; secretes catecholamines which stimulate glycogen breakdown. |
Urine in ureter is drained directly from:
1. | Collecting duct | 2. | Papilla |
3. | Renal pelvis | 4. | Major calyces |
The branch of renal artery that directly supplies the glomerulus is the:
1. | efferent arteriole | 2. | interlobular artery |
3. | arcuate artery | 4. | afferent arteriole |
Malpighian body or the renal corpuscle is made up of:
1. Glomerular capillaries and PTCN
2. Bowman's capsule and renal tubules
3. Afferent and efferent arterioles
4. Glomerular capillaries and Bowman's capsule
Glomerular capillaries are drained by:
1. | efferent arteriole | 2. | afferent arteriole |
3. | vasa recta | 4. | peritubular capillary network |
The functional unit of the human kidney is the:
1. | glomerulus | 2. | Malpighian body |
3. | nephron | 4. | medullary pyramids |
A series of straight capillaries in the medulla that lie parallel to the loop of Henle are called:
1. | arcuate arteries | 2. | efferent arterioles |
3. | afferent arterioles | 4. | vasa recta |