Q. No.In inspiration during pulmonary ventilation the correct order of the given events is:
a. air flows into the lungs
b. alveolar volume increases
c. thoracic volume increases
d. pleural pressure decreases
e. alveolar pressure decreases
1.
a, b, c, d, e
2.
b, e, a, c, d
3.
c, d, b, e, a
4.
d, e, b, a, c
a. air flows into the lungs
b. alveolar volume increases
c. thoracic volume increases
d. pleural pressure decreases
e. alveolar pressure decreases
When compared with carbon dioxide, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air and its solubility in water is respectively:
| 1. lower, lower | 2. lower, higher |
| 3. greater, lower | 4. greater, higher |
Name the cavities in which the lungs are located:
1. pleural and abdominal cavities.
2. pericardial and thoracic cavities.
3. pleural and thoracic cavities.
4. pleural and pericardial cavities.
What is the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide respectively in the venous blood leaving the tissues [in mm of Hg]?
| 1. 104, 40 | 2. 95, 40 |
| 3. 40, 45 | 4. 20, 46 |
A minimal amount of pleural fluid present in the pleural cavity:
| 1. | provides a medium for the exchange of respiratory gases |
| 2. | reduces friction between the visceral and parietal pleurae |
| 3. | provides lubrication for movements of the diaphragm |
| 4. | permits the exchange of electrolytes during respiration |
When the diaphragm or external intercostal muscles contract, intrapulmonary pressure should
| 1. | increase | 2. | decrease |
| 3. | remain constant | 4. | equal atmospheric pressure |
During deglutition, the food is prevented from entering into the larynx by the cartilaginous:
| 1. epiglottis | 2. glottis |
| 3. aryepiglottic fold | 4. laryngeal prominence |
Alveoli in the lungs are lined by:
1. a simple squamous epithelium.
2. a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
3. a simple cuboidal epithelium.
4. a transitional epithelium.
| Assertion (A): | Oxidized hemoglobin carries maximum oxygen in the human blood. |
| Reason (R): | Oxidized hemoglobin has more affinity for oxygen than deoxygenated hemoglobin. |
In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion (A): | The Bohr effect enables the body to adapt to changing conditions and makes it possible to supply extra oxygen to tissues that need it the most. |
| Reason (R): | A lower pH in strenuously metabolizing tissues promotes the dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin, and allows the surrounding tissues to obtain enough oxygen to meet their demands. |
In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
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