| Assertion (A): | When methanol is added to water, the boiling point of water increases |
| Reason (R): | When a volatile solute is added to a volatile solvent, an elevation in boiling point is observed. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| Assertion (A): | 0.1 M solution of glucose has the same decrement in the freezing point as 0.1 M solution of urea. |
| Reason (R): | Kf for both has the same value. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| Assertion (A): | When an ideal binary solution is in equilibrium with its vapour, the molar ratio of the two components in the solution and in the vapour phase may or may not be the same. |
| Reason (R): | The vapour pressure of a solution depends upon the vapour pressures of volatile components. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| Assertion (A): | Azeotropes have a different composition in liquid and vapour state. |
| Reason (R): | The composition in both the liquid and the vapour phase depends upon the volatility of the substance. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| Assertion (A): | An increase in surface area increases the rate of evaporation. |
| Reason (R): | Stronger the intermolecular attraction forces, faster the rate of evaporation at a given temperature. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| Assertion (A): | Ethylene glycol acts as an antifreeze by lowering the freezing point of water. |
| Reason (R): | Ethylene glycol is soluble in water. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True and (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False and (R) is True. |
| Assertion (A): |
Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (e.g., water) across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. |
| Reason (R): | Solutions having the same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True, but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False, but (R) is True. |
| Assertion (A): | When dry fruits and vegetables are placed in water, they slowly get swelled. |
| Reason (R): | It happens due to the phenomenon of osmosis. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |