- 1(current)
Q. No.Which parts of the nephron are involved in increasing medullary interstitial osmolarity in the human kidneys?
1. Only I
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
| I: | Ascending limb of loop of Henle |
| II: | Distal convoluted tubule |
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
61%
Level 2: 60%+
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Normal osmolality of body fluids in vertebrates is about 300 mOSML-1. Kidneys can produce urine that is hypotonic to blood plasma are produced. This can happen when:
1. levels of aldosterone are high
2. levels of antidiuretic hormone are high
3. levels of antidiuretic hormone are low
4. plasma concentration of sodium ions are high
1. levels of aldosterone are high
2. levels of antidiuretic hormone are high
3. levels of antidiuretic hormone are low
4. plasma concentration of sodium ions are high
Subtopic: Osmoregulation | Concentration of Urine: I | Concentration of Urine: II | Concentration of Urine |
63%
Level 2: 60%+
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How many of the given statements are correct?
| I: | If a healthy person has a GFR of 125 mL/minute - the total volume of glomerular filtrate formed per day will be about 180 L. |
| II: | If 180 L/day filtrate is formed and only 1.5 L of urine is eliminated - more than 99 percent of filtrate is reabsorbed. |
| III: | If initial filtrate osmolarity in cortex = 300 mOsm/L and medullary interstitium osmolarity in inner medulla = 1200 mOsm/L - human kidneys can produce urine nearly four times concentrated than the initial filtrate formed. |
| 1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
| 3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine | Concentration of Urine |
98%
Level 1: 80%+
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- 1(current)
Q. No.
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