| Assertion (A): | Evolution by natural selection, in a True sense would have started when cellular forms of life with differences in metabolic capability originated on earth. |
| Reason (R): | Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
| Assertion (A): | Forelimbs in mammals have varying functions but are all homologous. |
| Reason (R): | The forelimbs of vertebrates are homologous. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| Assertion (A): | Evolution can occur if there is genetic variation within a population. |
| Reason (R): | The meaning of EVOLUTION is descent with modification from preexisting species. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but the (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 2. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and the (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |