(i) | Epidermal cells have a lower number of chloroplasts or lack them completely, except for the guard cells. |
(ii) | Epidermis is mostly single-layered except in the leaves of Ficus and Peperomia. |
(iii) | Epidermis lack intercellular spaces. |
(iv) | Root epidermis lack cuticle. |
(v) | In plants with secondary growth, the epidermis of roots and stems is usually replaced by a periderm through the action of cork cambium or phellogen. |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
A. | Bean shaped guard cell | (i) | Dicot stem |
B. | Dumb-bell shaped guard cell | (ii) | Monocot leaf |
C. | Trichome | (iii) | Dicot leaf |
D. | Exarch xylem | (iv) | Dicot and monocot root |
(i) | Autumn wood and spring wood appear as alternate concentric rings and constitute an annual ring. |
(ii) | Late wood possesses vessels of narrow diameter relative to early wood. |
(iii) | Annual rings seen in cut stems give an estimate of the age of the tree and this method is called a dendrogram. |
(iv) | Cambium is more active during the spring season than the winter season. |
(v) | Growth rings or annual rings are very prominent in the trees growing near sea shores. |
Statement A | Annual rings can be distinctly observed in plants growing in temperate regions |
Statement B | In temperate regions, the climatic conditions are not uniform throughout the year |
1. | Statement A is correct but statement B is wrong |
2. | Both the statement A and B are correct and statement B is the correct explanation of statement A |
3. | Both the statements A and B are correct but statement B is not the correct explanation of statement A |
4. | Both the statements A and B are incorrect |
(i) | The sieve tube elements and companion cells are connected by pit fields present between their common longitudinal walls. |
(ii) | Pholem parenchyma is made of elongated non-tapering cylindrical cells which have scanty cytoplasm. |
(iii) | Pholem fibres are made of parenchymatous cells. |
(iv) | Companion cells help in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tube. |
(v) | The phloem parenchyma stores food material and other substances like resins, latex, and mucilage |