1. | 4f orbitals are penultimate |
2. | 4f orbitals have a greater shielding effect |
3. | 5f orbitals have a poor shielding effect |
4. | 5f orbitals have a greater shielding effect |
Zr (Z = 40) and Hf (Z = 72) have similar atomic and ionic radii because of:
1. | Lanthanoid contraction |
2. | Having similar chemical properties |
3. | Belonging to the same group |
4. | Diagonal relationship |
Identify the incorrect statement from the following:
1. | Zirconium and Hafnium have identical radii of 160 pm and 159 pm, respectively as a consequence of lanthanoid contraction. |
2. | Lanthanoids reveal only +3 oxidation state. |
3. | The lanthanoid ions other than the f0 type and the f14 type are all paramagnetic. |
4. | The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from lanthanum to lutetium is called lanthanoid contraction. |