Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator?

Animal husbandry and plant breeding programmes are the examples of:

1. reverse evolution

2. artificial selection

3. mutation 

4. natural selection

Appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example of 

1. adaptive radiation

2. transduction 

3. pre-existing variation in the population

4. divergent evolution 

Industrial melanism observed in moth, Biston betularia, is which type of selection?

1. Stabilising 

2. Directional 

3. Disruptive

4. Artificial