Assertion (A): Among red, green and brown algae, the red algae are found in the deepest ocean.
Reason (R): Red algae possess phycobilins, which can absorb the blue and green light that penetrates the deepest water.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R)are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A)is true but (R) is false
4. Both (A) and (R) are false
Subtopic:  Introduction to Ecology |
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Assertion: The triangular age pyramid is a graphic representation of a young or growing population.
Reason: An age pyramid is a graphic representation of proportion of various age group of population.
 
1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. Assertion is true but reason is false
4. Both assertion and reason are false
Subtopic:  Population Characters: Density |
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Assertion (A): The Mediterranean orchid Ophyrus employs 'sexual deceit' to get pollinated by some male bees.
Reason (R): Plant-animal interactions never involve co-evolution.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R)are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A)is true but (R) is false
4. Both (A) and (R) are false
Subtopic:  Introduction to Ecology |
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Which one of the following is a matching pair of certain organism(s) and the kind of

association?

1. Shark and sucker fish - predation

2. Algae and fungi in lichens - mutualism

3. Orchids growing on trees - parasitism

4. Cuscuta (dodder) growing in other flowering plants - epiphytism 

Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Commensalism, Protocooperation & Mutualism |
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Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I Column II
A. Commensalism (i) One inhibited other unaffected
B. Parasitism (ii) One benefited other unaffected
C. Mutualism  (iii) Both are benefitted
D. Amensalism (iv) One benefitted other harmed
 
A B C D
1. (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
2. (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
3. (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
4. (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Parasitism | Population Interactions: Amensalism | Population Interactions: Commensalism, Protocooperation & Mutualism |
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Choose the correct match

Bladderwert, sundew, venus flytrap:

1. Nepanthese, Dionea, Drosera

2. Nepanthese, Utricularia, Vanda

3. Utricularia, Drosera, Dionea

4. Dionea, Trapa, Vanda

Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Predation |
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Match the items in Column-I with those in Column-II:

Column-I Column-II
(a) Herbivores-Plants  (i) Commensalism
(b) Mycorrhiza-Plants (ii) Mutualism
(c) Sheep-Cattle  (iii) Predation
(d) Orchid-Tree (iv) Competition


Select the correct option from the following:

Options: (a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
2. (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
3. (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
4. (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)

Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Competition | Population Interactions: Predation | Population Interactions: Commensalism, Protocooperation & Mutualism |
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Match the following and choose the correct combination from the options given below:

 

Column I (Interaction)

 

Column II (Examples)

I.

Mutualism

i)

Trichoderma and Penicillium

II.

Commensalism

ii)

Balanophora, Orobanche

III.

Parasitism

iii)

Orchids and Ferns

IV.

Predation

iv)

Lichen and Mycorrhiza

V.

Amensalism

v)

Nepenthes and Diaonaea

 

I

II

III

IV

V

1.

i

ii

iii

iv

v

2.

ii

iii

iv

v

i

3.

iii

iv

v

i

ii

4.

iv

iii

ii

v

i

Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Commensalism, Protocooperation & Mutualism |
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Match the following and choose the correct combination from the options given below.

Column I

Column II

A.

Mutalism

1.

Lion and deer

B.

Commensalism

2.

Round worm and man

C.

Parasitism

3.

Birds compete with squirrels for nuts

D.

Competition

4.

Sea anemone on hermit crab

E.

Predation

5.

Barnacles attached to Whales.

Dispersal
1. A- 4, B-5, C-2, D –3,  E-1
2. A- 3, B-1, C-4, D – 2, E-5
3. A- 2, B-3, C-1, D – 5, E-4
4. A- 5, B-4, C-2, D – 3, E-1

Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Commensalism, Protocooperation & Mutualism |
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Read the following statements:
(i) Lactic acid bacteria produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk protein during curd making
(ii) Curd is less nutritious than milk
(iii) Cheese is partially degraded concentration of milk fat and casein
(iv) Large holed swiss cheese is ripened by fungi propionibacterium sharmanii
(v) Probiotics are live microbial food supplements

Which of the above statements are correct?

1. (ii), (iii) and (iv)

2. (i), (ii) and (iii)

3. (ii) and (iv)

4. (i), (iii) and (v)
Subtopic:  Population Interactions: Amensalism |
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