Assertion: The first seven rib pairs known as the fixed or vertebrosternal ribs are the true ribs.
Reason: Only the first seven rib pairs are made up of bone while others are made of cartilage.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false
4. If both the assertion and reason are false

Assertion: In the human body, an example of a second-class lever is found in the lower leg when someone stands on tiptoes.
Reason: The axis is formed by the metatarsophalangeal joints, the resistance is the weight of the body, and the force is applied to the calcaneus bone (heel) by the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles through the Achilles tendon.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Corticosteroids are used in management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Reason: Corticosteroids favor the formation of a new articular cartilage.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: For moving on land, powerful muscles and strong skeletal support are more important than a streamlined shape.
Reason: Land animal must be able to support itself and move against gravity.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R): 
 

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:
 

Sliding filament theory can be best explained as
1. when myofilaments slide pass each other, actin filaments shorten while myosin filaments do not shorten
2. actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide pass each other
3. actin and myosin filaments do not shorten but rather slide pass each other
4. when myofilaments slide pass each other, myosin filaments shorten while actin filaments do not shorten

Which one of the following item gives its correct total number?
1. Floating ribs in humans - 4
2. Amino acids found in proteins -16
3. Types of diabetes - 3
4. Cervical vertebrae in humans - 8

Skeletal muscles appear striated due to presence of two characteristic proteins in alternating dark and light bands. Which of the following is a correct match of the protein with its light refractive property and colour?

During muscular contraction, which of the following events occur?
(i) H-zone disappears
(ii) A band widens
(iii) I band reduces in width
(iv) Width of A band is unaffected
(v) M line and Z line come closer

Which of the following is true for the labelled parts in the figure below?
 
1. A - Z-line - located at centre of I - band
2. B - Thin filament - occurs in A-band only
3. C - Thick filament - confined to I-band
4. D - H-zone - located at centre of M-line