Severe dyspnea due to pulmonary edema will be caused most likely by:
1. cardiogenic shock
2. anaphylactic shock
3. right-sided congestive heart failure
4. left-sided congestive heart failure

The average life span of human red blood cells is:

Erythropoiesis is primarily stimulated by:
1. kidney
2. liver
3. bone marrow
4. spleen

In the early fetal life the main site for red blood cell formation is:
1. bone marrow
2. kidney
3. liver
4. spleen

Tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area, such as the heart, is:

A chest pain or pressure, usually due to not enough blood flow to the heart muscle, is known as:

What is the percentage of atrial blood that flows into the ventricles without atrial systole?

Atria can completely empty during ventricular filling due to:
1. A-V node
2. A-V bundle
3. S-A node
4. Purkinje fibers

The period that extends from the onset of atrial depolarization until the onset of ventricular depolarization is shown in an ECG as:
1. QRS complex
2. S-T interval
3. P-Q interval
4. QRS-T interval

The arrhythmia that results in cardiac arrest followed by death in the absence of treatment and therefore considered most serious is:
1. Tachycardia
2. Sinus bradycardia
3. Atrial flutter
4. Ventricular fibrillation