Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Explain why alcohols and ethers of comparable molecular mass have different boiling points?

Boiling point depends upon the strength of intermolecular forces of attraction. Highernthese forces of attraction, more will be the boiling point. Alcohols undergo intermolecular hydrogen bonding. So, the molecules of alcohols are held together by strong

intermolecular forces of attraction
But in ethers no hydrogen atom is bonded to oxygen. Therefore, ethers are held together by weak dipole-dipole forces, not by strong hydrogen bond.

Since, lesser amount of energy is required than to break weak dipole-dipole forces in ethers than to break strong hydrogen bonds in alcohol.
${CH}_{3} {CH}_{2} - O - H \dots \dots O — {CH}_{2} - {CH}_{3}$
$|$
$H$
$Hydrogen bond in alcohols$

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