Ncert Exercises & Solutions

How is heavy water prepared? Compare its physical properties with those of ordinary water.

Heavy water is prepared by prolonged electrolysis of water. Comparison of physical properties of heavy water with those of odinary water is as follows

Property	H₂O	D₂O
Molecular mass $(g {mol}^{- 1})$	18.0151	20.0276
Melting point (K)	273.0	276.8
Boiling point (K)	373.0	374.4
Enthalpy of formation $(kJ {mol}^{- 1})$	-285.9	-294.6
Enthalpy of vaporization – 373 K $(kJ {mol}^{- 1})$	40.66	41.61
Enthalpy of fusion $(kJ {mol}^{- 1})$	6.01	-
Temperature of max. density (K)	276.98	284.2
Density at 298 K $(g {cm}^{- 3})$	1.0000	1.1059
Viscosity (centipoise)	0.8903	1.107
Dielectric constant $(C^{2} / {Nm}^{2})$	78.39	78.06
Electrical conductivity at 298 K $({ohm}^{- 1} {cm}^{- 1})$	$5.7 \times 10^{- 8}$	-

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