In many experimental set-ups, the source and screen are fixed at a distance say D and the lens is movable.  Show that there are two positions for the lens for an image is formed on the screen. Find the distance between the points and the ratio of the image sizes for these two points.

Hint: The image distance in the first case will the object distance in the second or vice-versa.

Step 1: Find the object distance and the image distance.

The principle of reversibility states that the position of object and image are interchangeable.
So, by the reversibility of u and v, as seen from the formula for the lens,
                                          1f=1v-1u
it is clear that there are two positions for which there shall be an image.
Let the first position be on the stream when the lens is at O. Finding u and v and substituting in lens formula.
Given,                         -u+v=D
                              u = -(D-v)
Placing it in the lens formula,
                                   1v-1-D-v=1f

On solving, we have,
                             v+D-v(D-v)v=1f

                             v2-Dv+Df=0
                             v=D2±D2-4Df2
Hence,
                     u=-(D-v)=-D2±D2-4Df2

              
When the object distance = D2+D2-4Df2
The image distance = D2-D2-4Df2
Similarly, when the object distance = D2-D2-4Df2
The image distance = D2+D2-4Df2
The distance between the points for these two object distance =D2+D2-4Df2-D2-D2-4Df2=D2-4Df

Step 2: Find the magnification in the two cases.
Let                                        d=D2-4Df
If u=D2+d2, then the image is at v = D2-d2
 The magnification, m1=D-dD+d
If u=D-d2, then v=D+d2
 The magnification, m2=D+dD-d
Thus, m2m1=D+dD-d2
This is the required expression of magnification.