The piece of equipment, that introduces DNA into cells via DNA-coated microprojectiles is known as

1. laser

2. DNA probe

3. gene gun

4. inoculating needle

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a genetic trait carried in the bacterial:

1. Intron

2. Chromosome

3. Plasmid

4. Centromere

Which of the following enzyme is used to covalently bond foreign DNA to a vector plasmid?

1. DNA polymerase
2. Restriction endonuclease
3. DNA ligase
4. DNA helicase

Vectors are

1. molecules that degrade nucleic acids
2. molecules that help in replication
3. molecules that are able to covalently bond to and carry foreign DNA into cells
4. molecules that protect host cells from invasion by foreign DNA

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is

1. a disease in humans that causes loss of sight
2. a bacterium that can be used to introduce DNA into plants
3. a fungi that is used to produce antibiotics in large amounts
4. a disease in humans that causes loss of weight

A molecular technique in which DNA sequences between two oligonucleotide primers can be amplified is known as:

1. southern blotting
2. northern blotting
3. polymerase chain reaction
4. DNA replication

DNA fragments are:

1. Negatively charged

2. Neutral

3. Either positively charged depending on their size

4. Positively charged