Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution?

Convergent evolution	Divergent evolution
1. Eyes of Octopus and mammals	Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates
2. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita	Wings of butterflies and birds
3. Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates	Wings of butterfly and birds
4. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita	Eyes of Octopus and mammals

 

The extinct human who lives 100000 to 40000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eye brows, retreating fore heads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was

1. Homo habilis                           

2. Neanderthal human

3. Cro-magnon humans               

4. Ramapithecus

Parallelism is 

1. adaptive divergence

2. adaptive divergence of widely separated species

3. adaptive convergence of widely different species

4. adaptive convergence of closely related groups

The concept of chemical evolution is based on 

1. crystallization of chemicals

2. interaction of water, air, and clay under intense heat

3. effect of solar radiation on chemicals

4. the possible origin of life by the combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions

One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is 

1. no change in the isolated fauna

2. preventing speciation

3. speciation through reproductive isolation

4. random creation of new species

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures?

1. Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult

2. Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions

3. Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same functions

4. Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors

'Continuity of germplasm' theory was given by 

1. De Vries 

2. Weismann

3. Darwin

4. Lamarck

Which one of the following amino acid was not found to be synthesised in Miller's experiment? 

1. Aspartic acid

2. Glutamic acid

3. Alanine

4. Glycine

Two geographical regions separated by high mountains are 

1. Oriental and Austrailian

2. Palaearctic and Oriental

3. Nearctic and Palaearctic

4. Neotropical and Ethiopian

Correct order is [1991]
1. Palaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$ Archaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$Coenozoic
2. Archaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$ Palaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$ Proterozoic
3. Palaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$Mesozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$ Coenozoic
4. Mesozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$Archaeozoic $\stackrel{ }{\to }$ Proterozoic