Which of the following is not a result of convergent evolution?

1.  Potato and sweet potato

2.  Flippers of penguins and dolphins

3.  Eye of octopus and a mammal

4.  Thorn and tendril of Bougainvillea

The process of evolution of different species in a geographical area starting from a point and reaching other areas of habitats is called:

1.  Convergent evolution

2.  Adaptive radiation

3.  Genetic drift

4.  Saltation

Identify the incorrectly matched pair:

1.  Ramapithecus                 More man like ape like

2.  Homo habilis                   First human like being, the hominid

3.  Homo erectus                 Probably did not eat meat

4.  Neanderthal                    Buried their dead

Theory of spontaneous generation of life was conclusively disproved by:

1.  Francesco Redi

2.  Oparin and Haldane

3.  Louis Pasteur

4.  Eldredge and Gould

Which of the following ideas was developed by Thomas Malthus?

1. Peppered moths living near English industrial cities provide a good example of evolution.
2. The diversity of Galápagos finch species is the result of natural selection.
3. Living things often produce far more offspring than are needed to maintain their numbers.
4. Reproductive isolation is pre-condition for speciation

Which one of the following would cause the Hardy-Weinberg principle to be inaccurate?

1. The size of the population is very large.
2. Individuals mate with one another at random.
3. Natural selection is present.
4. There is no source of new copies of alleles from outside the population.

Disruptive selection favors:

1. Both extreme forms of a trait
2. Intermediate forms of a trait
3. One of the extremes of a trait
4. Environmental differences

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

1. Prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes.
2. Eukaryotes evolved before prokaryotes.
3. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved at approximately the same time.
4. It is unclear whether prokaryotes or eukaryotes evolved first

At the time early life first formed on Earth, the atmosphere could best be described as:

1. oxidizing

2. reducing

3. rich in oxygen

4. low in hydrogen gas

Natural selection acts on an organism’s: