Consider the following statements regarding water potential:
I. Water potential is the potential energy of water relative to pure free water (e.g., deionized water)
in reference conditions.
II. Typically, pure water at standard temperature and pressure (or other suitable reference condition) is defined as having a water potential of 0.
III. The addition of solutes to water increases its potential (makes it more negative), just as the increase in pressure lowers its potential (makes it more positive).
The correct statements are:
1. I, II and III | 2. I and II |
3. I and III | 4. II and III |
Most of the water reaching the leaves:
1. is used in photosynthesis.
2. is used up in plant growth.
3. is lost by transpiration.
4. is stored in the petiole.
Reaction carried out by fixing microbes include
(i) 2NH3 + 3O2 \(\rightarrow\) \(2NO_2^-\) + 2H+ + 2H2O
(ii) \(2NO_2^-\) + O2 \(\rightarrow\) 2NO3
Select the false statement:
1. (i) is carried out by Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus
2. (ii) is carried out by Nitrobacter
3. Both (i) and (ii) can be called nitrification
4. Bacteria carrying out (i) and (ii) are usually photoautotrophs
The structures that are formed by stacking of organised flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are
1. | cristae | 2. | grana |
3. | stroma lamellae | 4. | stroma |
What conclusions can be drawn from the Moll’s half leaf experiment [the given diagram shows the schematic representation of the experiment]?
What can be said after observing the results of the experiment?
I. Negative starch test by the leaf portion present inside the bottle indicates is necessary for this process.
II. Negative test of starch, which is also shown by the portion of the leaf present in between the split of the split cork is due to the lack of and light, thus indicating that both of them are essential requirements.
1. Only I | 2. Only II |
3. Both I and II | 4. None |
Energy released by oxidation in respiration:
1. can use only carbohydrates as respiratory substrate
2. is all released free into the cell
3. is all released in a single step
4. cannot be used directly
Phytochrome is a
1. flavoprotein
2. glycoprotein
3. lipoprotein
4. chromoprotein
The salt concentration [measured as salinity in parts per thousand] for inland waters is:
1. Less than 5
2. Between 5 and 15
3. 30 – 35
4. More than 100
Cuckoos laying their eggs in the nests of crow is an example of:
1. | Ectoparasitism | 2. | Endopararsitism |
3. | Hyperparasitism | 4. | Brood parasitism |
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. Kaziranga national park - one horned rhinoceros
2. Keoladeo national park - siberian cranes
3. Dachigam national park - hangul or kashmiri stag
4. Manas national park - great Indian bustard
Which of the following are not membrane-bound?
1. Ribosomes
2. Lysosomes
3. Mesosomes
4. Vacuoles
Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in an ascending order of their size. Choose the correct option among the followings
i. Mycoplasma
ii. Ostrich eggs
iii. Human RBC
iv. Bacteria
Options:
1. i, iv, iii & ii
2. i, ii, iii & iv
3. ii, i, iii & iv
4. iii, ii, i& iv
Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H. Whittaker is not based on:
1. Presence or absence of a well defined nucleus
2. Mode of reproduction
3. Mode of nutrition
4. Complexity of body organisation
Four healthy people in their 20s got involved in injuries resulting in damage and death of a few cells. Which of the following cells are least likely to be replaced by new cells ?
1. Osteocytes
2. Liver cells
3. Neurons
4. Malpighian layer of the skin
All the following characteristics differentiate stems from the roots except:
1. Development from the plumule
2. Presence of nodes and internodes
3. Terminal or axillary buds
4. Endogenous development of branches
Aestivation is:
1. mode of arrangement of sepals but not petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl
2. mode of arrangement of petals but not sepals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl
3. mode of arrangement of sepals but not petals in a floral bud with respect to each other
4. mode of arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl
The xylem tissue in gymnosperms lacks:
1. Tracheids
2. Vessels
3. Xylem fibers
4. Xylem parenchyma
The cell shown in the given diagram is in:
|
The mechanisms that contribute to the genetic variation arising from sexual reproduction include:
I. Independent assortment of chromosomes
II. Crossing over
III. Random fertilization
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II and III |
In the Two Kingdom classification, the Kingdom Plantae was erroneous with some major issues that include:
I. Placing bacteria and blue green algae with eukaryotic groups
II. Grouping together the unicellular organisms with multicellular ones
III. Placing heterotrophic fungi with autotrophic plants
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II and III |
The given life cycle represents a/an:
1. Bryophyte
2. Pteridophyte
3. Gymnosperm
4. Angiosperm
Identify the incorrect statement regarding the rules of Binomial Nomenclature?
1. The names are derived from Latin or Latinized.
2. The first word in a biological name represents the genus while the second component denotes the specific epithet.
3. Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are written in italics, or printed separately underlined to indicate their Latin origin.
4. The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter while the specific epithet starts with a small letter.
A particular species of the plant produces light, non-sticky pollen in large numbers and its stigmas are long and feathery. These
modifications facilitate pollination by:
1. | Insects | 2. | Water |
3. | Wind | 4. | Animals |
Match Column I with Column II and select the correct option using the codes given below:
Column I |
Column II |
||
(a) |
Citric acid |
(i) |
Trichoderma |
(b) |
Cyclosporin A |
(ii) |
Clostridium |
(c) |
Statins |
(iii) |
Aspergillus |
(d) |
Butyric acid |
(iv) |
Monascus |
Codes:
|
(a) |
(b) |
(c) |
(d) |
1. |
(iii) |
(i) |
(iv) |
(ii) |
2. |
(i) |
(iv) |
(ii) |
(iii) |
3. |
(iii) |
(iv) |
(i) |
(ii) |
4. |
(iii) |
(i) |
(ii) |
(iv) |
Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency?
1. The genes are tightly linked
2. The genes show independent assortment
3. If the genes are present on the same chromosome, they undergo more than one crossovers in every meiosis
4.The genes may be on different chromosomes
Function of filiform apparutus is to :
1. Recognize the suitable pollen at stigma
2. Stimulate division of generative cell
3. Produce nectar
4. Guide the entry of pollen tube
Transformation was discovered by :
1. Meseson and stahl
2. Hershey and chase
3. Griffith
4. Waston and crick
Failure of cytokinesis after telophase stage of cell division results in an increase in a whole set of chromosomes in an organism and this phenomenon is known as:
1. | Aneuploidy | 2. | Translocation |
3. | Polyploidy | 4. | Inversion |
It is unfortunate that in our society women are blamed for producing female children and have been ostracised and ill-treated because:
1. | The sex is determined by the type of sperm fertilizing the egg |
2. | The sex is determined by the type of egg fertilizing the sperm |
3. | The sex is determined by the hormones produced by the fetus |
4. | The sex is determined by God’s Will |
The family pedigree of Queen Victoria shows a number of haemophilic descendants as she was:
1. | Affected by the disease |
2. | Carrier for the disease |
3. | Did not carry the allele for hemophilia |
4. | Was not a queen |
According to Erwin Chargaff, in a double-stranded DNA
1. | The ratios between Adenine and Thymine, and, Guanine and Cytosine are constant and equal. |
2. | The ratios between Adenine and Thymine, and, Guanine and Cytosine are constant but are not equal to one. |
3. | The ratios between Adenine and Guanine, and, Thymine and Cytosine are constant and equal. |
4. | The ratios between Adenine and Guanine, and, Thymine and Cytosine are constant but are not equal to one. |
In a multicarpellary syncarpous ovary:
1. | There is more than one pistil that is fused with the other |
2. | There is more than one pistil that is free from each other |
3. | There is one pistil that is fused with the stamen |
4. | There is more than one pistil that is fused with the stamen |
Which of the following possible modes of replication was eliminated by Meselson and Stahl based on the finding after one generation of replication of the bacterium?
1. | Dispersive | 2. | Semi-conservative |
3. | Conservative | 4. | Both 1 and 3 |
The large holes in ‘Swiss Cheese’ are due to the production of a large amount of carbon dioxide by:
1. Propionibacterium shermanii
2. Methylophilus methylotrophus
3. Penicillium roqueforti
4. Penicillium camemberti
What will be the sequence of mRNA produced by the following stretch of DNA?
3' ATGCATGCATGCATG 5' TEMPLATE STRAND
5' TACGTACGTACGTAC 3' CODING STRAND
1. 3' AUGCAUGCAUGCAUG 5'
2. 5' UACGUACGUACGUAC 3'
3. 3' UACGUACGUACGUAC 5'
4. 5' AUGCAUGCAUGCAUG 3'
What is true for individuals of same species?
1. Live in same niche
2. Live in same habitat
3. Interbreeding
4. Live in different habitat
The maximum percent of total global carbon is found:
1. in fossil fuels
2. in atmosphere
3. dissolved in oceans
4. in biomass of microbes
Given below is the representation of the extent of the global diversity of invertebrates. What groups do the four portions (A-D) represent respectively?
Insects | Crustaceans | Other animal groups | Molluscs | |
1. | A | B | C | D |
2. | B | A | D | C |
3. | D | C | B | A |
4. | A | D | B | C |
Montreal Protocol aims at
1. Control of emission
2. Reduction of ozone depleting substances
3. Biodiversity conservation
4. Control of water pollution
Identify the incorrect statement regarding CFCs:
1. | They are synthetic gaseous compounds of carbon and halogens |
2. | Major sources are the refrigeration industry and industrial solvents |
3. | They have been only recently added to the atmosphere - synthesized during the 20th century |
4. | They have a short life in the atmosphere - 5 to 12 years |
Which of the following statements is wrong?
1. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment or the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane.
2. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA.
3. The chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria.
4. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria are covered by double membrane.
A common characteristic feature of plant sieve tube cells and most of mammalian erythrocytes is
1. | Absence of mitochondria | 2. | Presence of cell wall |
3. | Presence of haemoglobin | 4. | Absence of nucleus |
In a typically complete, bisexual, and hypogynous flower, the arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the outermost to the innermost is:
1. Calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium
2. Calyx, corolla, gynoecium, and androecium
3. Gynoecium, androecium, corolla, and calyx
4. Androecium, gynoecium, corolla, and calyx
Which of the following is the most suitable medium for the culture of Drosophila melanogaster?
1. | Cow dung | 2. | Moist bread |
3. | Agar agar | 4. | Ripe Banana |
The arrangement of nuclei in a normal dicot embryo sac is:
1. | 3 + 3 +2 | 2. | 2 + 4 + 2 |
3. | 3 + 2 + 3 | 4. | 3 + 3 + 3 |
What is another name for thymine?
1. | 5 – bromouracil | 2. | 3 – bromouracil |
3. | 3 – methyl uracil | 4. | 5 – methyl uracil |
Which of the following helps in the termination of transcription?
1. | Sigma factor | 2. | Translocase |
3. | Ubiquitin | 4. | Rho factor |
Consider the given two statements:
I: | Somatic hybridization and cybridization have great potential for plant improvement. |
II: | Somatic hybridization through protoplast fusion provides the ability to combine parent genes in higher plants to overcome sexual incompatibility among plant species or genera. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I
3. I is correct but II is incorrect
4. Both I and II are incorrect
In several simple plants like algae, bryophytes, and pteridophytes, water is the medium through which gamete transfer takes place. To increase the chances of fertilization, such plants:
1. | Produce a large number of female gametes that are non-motile |
2. | Produce a large number of male gametes that is several thousand times the number of female gametes produced |
3. | Produce a large number of female gametes that is several thousand times the number of male gametes produced |
4. | Do not have the capability of reproducing asexually |
How many true-breeding pea plant varieties did Mendel select as pairs, which were similar except in one character with contrasting traits?
1. 2
2. 14
3. 6
4. 4
Bilharzia is caused by a/an:
1. Flatworm
2. Roundworm
3. Annelid
4. Arthropod
Select the correct statement about hormones and their actions.
1. Parathyroid hormone increases absorption of the body.
2. Insulin and glucagon help to maintain blood sugar levels.
3. Old aged people have weak immunity due to increased activity of thymus.
4. Osteoporosis in women occurs due to increased levels of oestrogens.
Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
1. birds and annelids
2. amphibians and reptiles
3. insects and amphibians
4. reptiles and birds
When kidney of a person is damaged, he/she invariably suffers from anaemia because
1. RBCs pass through the glomerulus
2. Sufficient erythropoietin is not produced
3. haemoglobin is not synthesized sufficiently
4. Iron and vitamin B-12 are not able to bind to haemoglobin
Hearing impairment affects which part of the brain?
1. | Frontal lobe | 2. | Parietal lobe |
3. | Temporal lobe | 4. | Cerebellum |
The vitamin nicotinamide can be synthesized in our body from
1. tyrosine | 2. tryptophan |
3. valine | 4. phenylalanine |
Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking
1. asthma
2. respiratory acidosis
3. respiratory alkalosis
4. emphysema
Which of the following cannot be detected in a developing foetus by amniocentesis?
1. | Klinefelter syndrome | 2. | Sex of the foetus |
3. | Down's syndrome | 4. | Jaundice |
Select the option which is not correct with respect to enzyme action:
1. Substrate binds with enzyme at its active site.
2. Addition of a lot of succinate does not reverse the inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate.
3. A non-competitive inhibitor binds the enzyme at a site distinct from that which binds the substrate.
4. Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase.
Which one of the following organisms is not an example of eukaryotic cells?
1. Paramoecium caudatum
2. Escherichia coli
3. Euglena viridis
4. Amoeba proteus
In some animal groups, the body is found divided into compartments with at least some organs/origin repeated.
This characteristic feature is named
1. Segmentation
2. Metamerism
3. Metagenesis
4. Metamorphosis
Collagen is a
1. fibrous protein
2. globular protein
3. lipid
4. carbohydrate
The clitellum is a distinct part in body of earthworm. It is found in?
1. Segment 13- 14- 15
2. Segment 14- 15- 16
3. Segment 12- 13- 14
4. Segment 15- 16- 17
A protoxin is:
1. | A primitive toxin | 2. | A denatured toxin |
3. | Toxin produced by protozoa | 4. | Inactive toxin |
MALT constitutes about __________percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body.
1. | 50% | 2. | 20% |
3. | 70% | 4. | 10% |
Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA?
1. Bacterial artificial chromosome
2. Yeast artificial chromosome
3. Plasmid
4. Cosmid
A drug that would not be helpful in the treatment of allergies is:
1. | Antibiotics | 2. | Antihistaminics |
3. | Steroids | 4. | Adrenaline |
The first type II restriction endonuclease whose functioning depended on a specific DNA nucleotide sequence was:
1. | EcoRI | 2. | HindII |
3. | SmaI | 4. | BamHI |
Which one of the following pairs correctly matches a hormone with a disease/condition resulting from its deficiency?
1. Insulin-Diabetes insipidus
2. Thyroxine-Tetany
3. Parathyroid hormone-diabetes mellitus
4. Luteinizing hormone-Failure of ovulation
Systemic heart refers to
1. The heart that contracts under stimulation from the nervous system.
2. Left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates.
3. Entire heart in lower vertebrates.
4. The two ventricles together in humans.
In competitive inhibition, if the concentration of the substrate is increased :
1. the rate of the reaction is increased
2. the rate of the reaction is decreased
3. the rate of the reaction is not affected
4. the reaction direction is reversed
ATPase enzyme needed for muscle contraction is located in
1. | Troponin | 2. | Myosin |
3. | Actin | 4. | Actinin |
The pair of glands that are composed of follicles and stromal tissue is:
1. | Pancreas and adrenal | 2. | Thyroid and pituitary |
3. | Ovary and thyroid | 4. | Ovary and testis |
The proteolytic enzymes of pancreatic juice act on all the following except:
1. Proteins
2. Proteoses
3. Peptones
4. Aminopeptides
Leydig cells synthesize androgens under the direct influence of:
1. | FSH | 2. | LH |
3. | FSH and LH | 4. | GnRH |
What ensures that only one sperm can fertilize the ovum?
1. | Corona Radiata | 2. | Ground substance around ovum |
3. | Zona pellucida | 4. | Acrosome |
Nissl’s granules are seen in:
1. Only the cyton of the neuron
2. Only the axon of the neuron
3. Only in the cyton and dendrites of the neuron
4. In dendrites, cyton and axons of the neurons
Amenorrhea is:
1. | Abnormal menstruation | 2. | Excess menstruation |
3. | Absence of menstruation | 4. | Scanty menstruation |
The part of the cerebrum that produce a meaningful perceptual experience of the world, enable us to interact effectively, and support abstract thinking and language is called:
1. Pre-frontal cortex
2. Association area
3. Pre-central gyrus
4. Post-central gyrus
In the nodal tissue of the human heart, a conduction delay is seen in:
1. SA node | 2. AV node |
3. AV bundle | 4. Purkinje fibers |
Branchial respiration is seen in all the following except:
1. Aquatic arthropods | 2. Fishes |
3. Amphibians like frog | 4. Aquatic mollusks |
Identify the incorrect statement regarding anatomy of human kidney:
1. Adrenal gland is located at the inferior pole of each kidney
2. Columns of Bertini are extensions of cortex into medulla
3. Right kidney is slightly lower in location than the left kidney
4. The renal pelvis continues into the ureter
The total number of floating ribs in human skeleton is:
1. | 2 | 2. | 4 |
3. | 6 | 4. | 14 |
Select the correct statement from the following :
(1) gel electrophoresis is used for the amplification of a DNA segment.
(2) The polymerase enzyme joins the gene of interest and the vector DNA.
(3) Restriction enzyme digestions are performed by incubating purified DNA molecules with the restriction enzymes of optimum conditions.
(4) PCR is used for isolation and separation of genes of interest.
In human beings, at the end of 12 weeks (first trimester) of pregnancy, the following is observed:
(1) Eyelids and eyelashes are formed
(2) Most of the major organ systems are formed
(3) The head is covered with fine hair
(4) Movement of the fetus
Good vision depends on adequate intake of carotene rich food.
Select the best option from the following statements:
I. Vitamin-A derivatives are formed from carotene.
I. The photo pigments are embedded in the membrane discs of the inner segment.
III. Retinal is a derivative of vitamin-A.
IV. Retinal is a light absorbing part of all the visual photo pigments.
1. (I) and (II)
2. (I), (III) and (IV)
3. (I) and (III)
4. (II), (III) and (IV)
In human body, which one of the following is anatomically correct?
1. Floating ribs-2 pairs
2. Collar bones-3 pairs
3. Salivary glands-1 pair
4. Cranial nerves-10 pairs
A person with unknown blood group under ABO system, has suffered much blood loss in an accident and needs immediate blood transfusion. His one friend who has a valid certificate of his own blood type, offers for blood donation without delay. What would have been the type of blood group of the donor friend?
1. Type AB
2. Type O
3. Type A
4. Type B
Which of the following is true regarding sperm?
1. Fertilizin : For penetrating egg membrane
2. Hyaluronidase : For penetrating egg membrane
3. Acrosin : Dissolves corona radiata
4. Capacitation : Takes place in penis
Which of the following is true for the labelled parts in the figure below?
1. A - Z-line - located at centre of I - band
2. B - Thin filament - occurs in A-band only
3. C - Thick filament - confined to I-band
4. D - H-zone - located at centre of M-line
A foreign DNA was introduced at a cloning site within the gene for beta-galactosidase in a plasmid of a bacterium. The bacterium containing this rDNA was plated on a medium containing X-gal. They were distinguished by the fact that they remained white. This method should be called as:
1. | selection | 2. | screening |
3. | transformation | 4. | transduction |
A pure protein should normally have
1. | Two ends | 2. | One end |
3. | Three ends | 4. | No ends |
Which of the following glands is large-sized at birth but reduces in size with aging?
1. | Pineal | 2. | Pituitary |
3. | Thymus | 4. | Thyroid |
Inbreeding is carried out in animal husbandry because it:
1. | increases vigour | 2. | improves the breed |
3. | increases heterozygosity | 4. | increases homozygosity |
Which one of the following correctly describes the homologous structures?
1. Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions.
2, Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same functions.
3. Organs that have no functions now, but had an important function in ancestors.
4. Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult.
The lineage of the modern horse can be traced back in time to:
1. | Hyracotherium | 2. | Equus |
3. | Mesohippus | 4. | Merychippus |
The dominant plants during the Jurassic period were:
1. Bryophytes and Ferns
2. Gymnosperms
3. Monocots
4. Dicots
According to the modern view of Darwinism, the unit of natural selection is the :
1. population
2. individual
3. species
4. community
Transfer of sperms into the female genital tract is called:
1. | Insemination | 2. | Emission |
3. | Ejaculation | 4. | Spermiation |
Blood enters the heart because muscles of the:
1. | ventricles relax | 2. | ventricles contract |
3. | atria relax | 4. | atria contract |