23 March- EvolutionContact Number: 9667591930 / 852752171823 March- EvolutionContact Number: 9667591930 / 8527521718Natural selection leads to the directional change when
1. More individuals acquire mean character value in the distribution curve
2. More individuals acquire peripheral character value of both ends of distribution curve
3. More individuals acquire value other than the mean character value at any one end of distribution curve
4. No individual acquires the peripheral character value
The wings of a bird and the wings of an insect are:
1. Homologous structures and represent convergent evolution
2. Homologous structures and represent divergent evolution
3. Analogous structures and represent convergent evolution
4. Phylogenetic structures and represent divergent evolution.
Industrial melanism is an example of
1. Neo Lamarckism
2. Neo Darwinism
3. Natural selection
4. Mutation
Which of the following had the smallest brain capacity?
1. Homo habilis
2. Homo erectus
3. Homo sapiens
4. Homo neanderthalensis
Which is the most common mechanism of genetic variation in the population of a sexually-reproducing organism?
1. Recombination
2. Transduction
3. Chromosomal aberrations
4. Genetic drift
A population will not exist in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if
1. The population is large
2. Individuals mate selectively
3. There are no mutations
4. There is no migration
Forelimbs of cat, lizard used in walking; forelimbs of whale used in swimming and forelimbs of bats used in flying are an example of
1. Analogous organs
2. Adaptive radiation
3. Homologous organs
4. Convergent evolution
The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called
1. Convergent evolution
2. Non-random evolution
3. Adaptive radiation
4. Natural selection
The tendency of population to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by
1. Lack of migration
2. Lack of mutations
3. Lack of random mating
4. Random mating
Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. This
is referred to as
1. Genetic drift
2. Random mating
3. Genetic load
4. Genetic flow
According to Darwin, the organic evolution is due to
1. Interspecific competition
2. Competition within closely related species
3. Reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species
4. Intraspecific competition
Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as
1. Migration
2. Divergent evolution
3. Adaptive radiation
4. Natural selection
What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from his ancestors?
1. Increasing cranial capacity
2. Upright posture
3. Shortening of jaws
4. Binocular vision
Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution?
Convergent Evolution Divergent evolution
1. Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates Wings of butterfly and birds
2. Thorns of and tendrils of BougainvillIea Eyes of and mammals
Cucurbita
3. Eyes of and mammals Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates
4. Thorns of and tendrils of Bougainvillea Wings of butterflies and birds
Cucurbita
The extinct human who lived 1,00,000 to 40,000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eye brows, retreating for heads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was
1. Ramapithecus
2. Homo habilis
3. Neanderthal human
4. Cro-magnan humans
The idea of mutations was brought forth by
1. Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose
2. Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum
3. Hardy Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population
4. Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage
Darwin’s finches are a good example of
1. Convergent evolution
2. Industrial melanism
3. Connecting link
4. Adaptive radiation
Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements
Statements:
(A) Wings of butterfly and birds look alike and are the results of __(i)____, evolution.
(B) Miller showed that CH4, H2, NH3 and ___(i)___, when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in formation of ___(ii)_____.
(C) Vermiform appendix is a ___(i)____ organ and an ___(ii)___ evidence of evolution.
(D) According to Darwin evolution took place due to ___(i)___ and ___(ii)___ of the fittest.
Options :
1. (D) – (i) Small variations, (ii) Survival, 2. (A) – (i) Convergent,
(A) – (i) Convergent (B) – (i) Oxygen, (ii) nucleosides
3. (B) – (i) Water vapour, (ii) Amino acids 4. (C) – (i) Vestigial, (ii) Anatomical
(C) – (i) Rudimentary, (ii) Anatomical (D) – (i) Mutations, (ii) Multiplication
Peripatus is a connecting link between
1. Mollusca and Echinodermata
2. Annelida and Arthropoda
3. Coelenterata and Porifera
4. Ctenophora and Platyhelminthis
In the case of peppered moth (Biston betularia) the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of :
1. Appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight
2. Protective mimicry
3. Inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment
4. Natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected
Which one of the following scientist’s name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?
1. Mendel - Theory of Pangenesis
2. Weismann - Theory of continuity of Germplasm
3. Pasteur - Inheritance of acquired characters
4. de Vries - Natural selection
Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of protobionts (coacervates and micropheres) as envisaged in the abiogenic origin of life?
1. They could maintain an internal environment
2. They were able to reproduce
3. They could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings
4. They were partially isolated from the surroundings
Which one of the following pairs of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?
1. Wings of honey-bee and wings of crow - Homologous organs
2. Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita - Analogous organs
3. Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye - Vestigial organs
4. Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of cockroach - Excretory organs
Which one of the following in birds, indicates their reptilian ancestry?
1. Eggs with a calcareous shell
2. Scales on their hind limbs
3. Four-chambered heart
4. Two special chambers crop and gizzard in their digestive tract
Adaptive radiation refers to
1. Power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments
2. Adaptations due to Geographical isolation
3. Evolution of different species from a common ancestor
4. Migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
One of the important consequences of geographical isolation is
1. Random creation of new species
2. No change in the isolation faunax
3. Preventing speciation
4. Speciation through reproductive isolation
The concept of chemical evolution is based on
1. Possible origin of life by combination of chemicals
2. Crystallization of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions
3. Interaction of water, air and clay under
4. Effect of solar radiation of chemicals
Select the correct statement from the following
1. Mutations are random and directional
2. Darwinian variations are small and directionless
3. Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and gets selected by nature
4. All mammals except whales and camels have seven cervical vertebrae
Which one of the following statement is correct?
1. Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
2. Stem cells are specialized cells
3. There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals
4. All plant and animal cells are totipotent.
Which one of the following amino acids was not found to be synthesized in Miller’s experiment ?
1. Glycine
2. Aspartic acid
3. Glutamic acid
4. Alanine
Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter ?
1. Microbes did not appear in stored meat
2. Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter
3. Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter
4. Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel